You are definitely on the right track. You have plenty of
CPU, RAM and HDD.
For gaming the most significant upgrade would be a new GPU card. I assume with that current GPU you have plenty of PSU.
HD 7970, GTX 680 or slightly faster HD 7970 "GHz ed." without worrying about a new PSU. They actually use somewhat less max. power than the 4850 x2. But your old card is good enough I am not sure how much of an felt improvement you get for the money.
An SSD is fine as well. Unfortunately it cannot take advantage of a SATA III interface which will hamper things until you transfer it to a new system. But an SSD is so fast you won't notice until you transfer it to a new system; for now it will amaze you.
You can
add a USB3 card/front panel. It will not be able to deliver complete USB3 performance as the PCIe x1 slot is incapable of it (especially as yours is not the newer rev. 2.0), and I could not find any rare x4 cards that are out there. But it will still be amazingly faster than USB2 with a USB3 device attached. While I linked to the one with a USB3 header on it, I suspect the case (with this card if you get it) will remain with your parents when the time comes.
MSINewegg